Researchers have developed ‘water batteries,’ replacing hazardous electrolytes with water, offering a safer and greener alternative.
These aqueous metal-ion batteries use metals like magnesium or zinc, cheaper and less toxic than traditional materials. By preventing dendrite growth on the anode with a bismuth coating, the batteries last longer and retain over 85% capacity after 500 cycles.
While not ready to replace lithium-ion batteries, water batteries show promise for renewable energy storage, with potential applications in solar energy systems. Further research aims to improve energy density and commercialize magnesium-ion batteries, offering a safer disposal option compared to lead-acid or lithium-ion batteries.