Researchers at Cambridge University have created a brain implant that can restore arm and leg movements in rats by combining flexible electronics and human stem cells.
In previous attempts at using neural implants to restore limb function, scar tissue has tended to form around the electrodes, impeding the connection between the device and the nerve. By sandwiching a layer of muscle cells reprogrammed from stem cells between the electrodes and the living tissue in rats, the researchers prevented scar tissue formation.
Combining two advanced nerve regeneration therapies – cell therapy and bioelectronics – into a single device can improve functionality and sensitivity, opening up new possibilities for prosthetics and brain-machine interfaces and enhancing cognitive abilities. While extensive research and testing will be needed before it can be used in humans, the device is a promising development for amputees or those who have lost limb function.
The researchers say their approach has multiple advantages over other attempts to restore function in amputees, including easier integration, long-term stability, and small size, requiring only keyhole surgery.